{"id":16728,"date":"2024-08-04T01:07:15","date_gmt":"2024-08-04T01:07:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/globalgreens.org\/?post_type=community_blog&p=16728"},"modified":"2024-08-04T01:07:19","modified_gmt":"2024-08-04T01:07:19","slug":"saving-the-climate-is-crucial-for-global-peace","status":"publish","type":"community_blog","link":"https:\/\/globalgreens.org\/fre\/community_blog\/saving-the-climate-is-crucial-for-global-peace\/","title":{"rendered":"Sauver le climat est essentiel pour la paix mondiale"},"content":{"rendered":"

Les conflits militaires de grande ampleur qui font rage dans le monde entier ne laissent aucun doute sur le fait que la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 mondiale est confront\u00e9e \u00e0 l\u2019un des d\u00e9fis les plus difficiles de l\u2019histoire. Surmonter ce d\u00e9fi est une mission essentielle pour la plan\u00e8te afin de garantir l\u2019avenir. Cependant, les solutions propos\u00e9es manquent souvent de la dimension climatique, car on croit souvent que le changement climatique a un lien indirect avec la consolidation de la paix. Ce n\u2019est \u00e9videmment pas le cas. De nombreuses preuves ont montr\u00e9 ces derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es que la paix mondiale ne peut \u00eatre instaur\u00e9e sans att\u00e9nuation du changement climatique.<\/span><\/p>\n

Premi\u00e8rement, le changement climatique accro\u00eet consid\u00e9rablement la rivalit\u00e9 pour les ressources les plus vitales. Il s\u2019agit notamment de l\u2019acc\u00e8s \u00e0 l\u2019eau, \u00e0 la nourriture et \u00e0 la terre. Pr\u00e8s de deux milliards de personnes dans le monde n\u2019ont pas acc\u00e8s \u00e0 l\u2019eau potable (Rapport 2022 des Nations Unies sur les ODD<\/a>) et environ la moiti\u00e9 de l\u2019humanit\u00e9 souffre d\u2019une grave p\u00e9nurie d\u2019eau pendant au moins une partie de l\u2019ann\u00e9e (Sixi\u00e8me rapport d'\u00e9valuation du GIEC<\/a>). Selon les donn\u00e9es de la Commission mondiale sur l\u2019\u00e9conomie de l\u2019eau, la plan\u00e8te est confront\u00e9e \u00e0 \u00abla perspective d'un d\u00e9ficit de 40% dans l'approvisionnement en eau douce d'ici 2030 avec de graves p\u00e9nuries dans les r\u00e9gions o\u00f9 l'eau est limit\u00e9e<\/a>\u201d. Cela signifie que la situation a un fort potentiel d\u2019aggravation. Associ\u00e9e \u00e0 la d\u00e9gradation des terres caus\u00e9e par le changement climatique (s\u00e9cheresses, d\u00e9sertification et autres ph\u00e9nom\u00e8nes m\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques extr\u00eames), la superficie des territoires propices \u00e0 l\u2019habitat et \u00e0 l\u2019agriculture diminuera. Les probl\u00e8mes pr\u00e9vus en mati\u00e8re d\u2019approvisionnement alimentaire et de croissance d\u00e9mographique (Sixi\u00e8me rapport d'\u00e9valuation du GIEC<\/a>), ce qui cr\u00e9e une base fondamentale pour un potentiel accru de conflit, ainsi que pour les innombrables conflits territoriaux existants dans le monde entier, qui constituent un catalyseur parfait.<\/span>
\n<\/span>
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

Deuxi\u00e8mement, le changement climatique cr\u00e9e une base socio-\u00e9conomique solide pour de futurs conflits. Les effets n\u00e9gatifs du changement climatique frappent plus durement les pays \u00e0 faible revenu et les personnes vivant dans la pauvret\u00e9 (OCDE<\/a>). Le changement climatique alimente la faim, les in\u00e9galit\u00e9s et l\u2019injustice sociale, cr\u00e9ant ainsi de profonds d\u00e9s\u00e9quilibres sociaux \u00e0 tous les niveaux : international, national et local. Il est \u00e9galement \u00e0 l\u2019origine de d\u00e9placements et de migrations forc\u00e9es \u00e0 des niveaux sans pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent. Selon le Programme alimentaire mondial, les \u00e9v\u00e9nements m\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques extr\u00eames ont forc\u00e9 la migration de 30 millions de personnes en 2020. Tout cela conduit au fait que des millions de personnes pourraient se retrouver avec des opportunit\u00e9s tr\u00e8s limit\u00e9es pour un avenir d\u00e9cent, qui \u00e0 leur tour peuvent \u00eatre syst\u00e9matiquement utilis\u00e9es par divers populistes, radicaux et m\u00eame groupes extr\u00e9mistes construisant leur capital politique en provoquant des conflits.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

Troisi\u00e8mement, les r\u00e9gions et territoires les plus vuln\u00e9rables aux conflits militaires et au changement climatique se recoupent largement sur le plan g\u00e9ographique. Parmi les 15 pays les plus vuln\u00e9rables au changement climatique, nombreux sont ceux qui ont connu ou connaissent actuellement des conflits militaires intenses.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Tableau. Les 15 pays les plus vuln\u00e9rables au changement climatique<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\n

Source:\u00a0\u00ab Prise en compte du changement climatique dans la politique de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et de d\u00e9fense de l'UE \u00bb EPRS | Services de recherche du Parlement europ\u00e9en, PE729.467 - juin 2022<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Cette co\u00efncidence g\u00e9ographique exerce une pression suppl\u00e9mentaire sur la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 mondiale future.<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

Enfin, le changement climatique limite s\u00e9rieusement la capacit\u00e9 de la communaut\u00e9 internationale \u00e0 cr\u00e9er une r\u00e9sistance efficace aux forces qui alimentent les conflits violents. Les graves cons\u00e9quences du changement climatique n\u00e9cessitent tout simplement trop de ressources pour \u00eatre r\u00e9solues, ce qui laisse tr\u00e8s peu de capacit\u00e9 \u00e0 surmonter d'autres d\u00e9fis, tels que des conflits potentiels. Le prix du changement climatique, non seulement du point de vue humain, mais aussi \u00e9conomique, est \u00e9norme. Selon le\u00a0Institut de recherche sur les impacts du changement climatique de Potsdam<\/a>, les dommages annuels mondiaux sont estim\u00e9s \u00e0\u00a038 000 milliards de dollars am\u00e9ricains, avec une fourchette probable de 19 \u00e0 59 000 milliards de dollars am\u00e9ricains en 2050<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

La lutte contre le changement climatique est donc essentielle pour assurer une paix durable \u00e0 la plan\u00e8te. Le moment est venu d'agir !<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

Ivan Filippov, membre du groupe de travail sur le climat des Verts mondiaux<\/span><\/i>
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